Fractional Dynamics of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with the Effect of Chemoimmunotherapy Treatment

Abstract

Currently, immunotherapy is seen to be the most effective cancer treatment. This is especially true while treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a slow-growing B-lymphocyte neoplasm that gradually compromises the immune system. Mathematical modeling is acknowledged as a key technique for analyzing theoretical and practical challenges in this field of cancer research and others. We were inspired to develop a mathematical model because of its dearth in investigations of chemotherapy-induced immunotherapy for CLL. This study effort formulates the dynamics of lymphocytic leukemia utilizing fractional calculus to conceptualize the complex processes of this viral illness. The basic idea of fractional calculus has been shown using the Atangana-Baleanu framework. For the suggested model's chaotic and dynamic behavior, a new numerical approach is described. We inspect the stability and convergence of the suggested numerical technique in our work. The fluctuation of various system input elements has demonstrated the oscillatory and chaotic behavior of the system. Moreover, we have demonstrated how the suggested mechanism of lymphocytic leukemia infection is affected by fractional order. Through numerical simulations, the most important input parameters are emphasized, and the policymakers are given control intervention suggestions.