A Study of Energy-Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) based network offers various advantages, such as stability, scalability, and connectivity, with the advent of high-speed wireless communication networks. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) perform an important function in the dissemination of the IoT since sensor devices are both cheap and widely available. The concept behind IoT involves integrating embedded devices into common objects. The biggest problem in WSN-based IoT networks is sending massive amounts of data produced by sensor devices, which may shorten the life of a node owing to its high energy requirements for communication. Researchers are constantly digging deeper into the problem to find a solution to this issue. Therefore, it is of utmost necessity to provide remedies for network-based crises, including energy efficiency, congestion avoidance, dependable routing, network heterogeneity, quality of service, and security. Increasing the sensor's lifetime has been a primary focus of recent research, with much attention paid to how much energy each sensor node consumes. This study offers a review of existing procedures and methods that are effective in conserving energy.